The studies made by the Incas of the sun; allowed them to calculate the summer solstice (December 21) and winter
(June 21).
The vast expansion of territory of the Empire encompassed the abrupt extension of the two hemispheres. From this came the discovery of the very existence of the equatorial zone, where the midday sun did not provide shade in one of the columns or pillars which were located in this area, and this period was produced during shadows certain days, those were the equinox.
This discovery occurred in Quito, this is a city in northern Ecuador, capital of the republic and the province of Pichincha, as well as its inhabitants this was a place located in closer proximity than any other country around the sun.
Probably this test influenced the decision of the Inca Huayna Capac on moving the court to Tomebamba (Ecuador). Although they presented an idea about the relative ecuador and land belonging to the equinox days, they failed to understand through the recreation of scientific processes, or findings of this kind, but they reached a total degree immediate to understand through rites and religious processes, which were giving themselves in a broad understanding.
The Inca astronomers set a timetable, which was in possession of 365 days each of these was represented by one guaca, a place where deposits remains of the ancient Indians, or some sacred tie. Ten of these guacas came to the dramatization of a kind of week, which three of these were the same that made up the month, or keel, twelve of which resulted in a year.
This calendar was used for agricultural work and to perform certain holidays or decoration of religious acts.
The year was initiated in different months, to honor the various ethnic groups in the territory.
Usually, between farmers began in August-September, with the harvest, and culminated in June-July, after the harvest.
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